<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div class=""><span style="font-family: HelveticaNeue;" class="">CALL FOR PAPERS: </span><font face="HelveticaNeue" class="">Special Issue on "<b class="">Perceptual Organization from Phenomenology to Neuroscience and Artificial Intelligence: Principles, Phenomena, Illusions, and Issues</b>”</font></div><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" class="">We invite submissions for the special issue on "Perceptual Organization from Phenomenology to Neuroscience and Artificial Intelligence: Principles, Phenomena, Illusions, and Issues”. </font></div><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" class="">Please visit: <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/journal/brainsci/special_issues/Perceptual_Organization" class="">https://www.mdpi.com/journal/brainsci/special_issues/Perceptual_Organization</a></font></div><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div class=""><font face="HelveticaNeue" class="">A special issue of <b class="">Brain Sciences </b>(ISSN 2076-3425).<br class=""><br class="">Deadline for manuscript submissions: <b class="">25 January 2022</b>. </font></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><b class="">Special Issue Information</b></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Perceptual organization deals with the process by which perceptual inputs and sensory information are structured into wholes, objects, all the meaningful things we perceive in everyday life. The seminal work by psychologist Gestalt led to several stimuli and phenomenal factors and principles ruling organization based on grouping and segregation dynamics. These suggested that elements group together to form wholes that are more than the simple sum of their parts taken separately. More recently, neuroscience defined the neural properties that enable organization. In biological systems, perceptual capability represents the most effective tool for adaptation (to move, acquire food, elude danger, improve adaptive fitness). Artists use these principles to create their artworks. Perceptual organization also provides significant reductions of the computational load through different layers of abstraction. This is the basic element of the good performance of a machine vision system. As a matter of fact, perceptual organization allows assigning computational resources efficiently, which is important in biological and psychological systems given the relative expense of neural tissue from an evolutionary standpoint. Briefly, perceptual organization in all systems, from biological to artificial ones, uses computational resources to extract adaptive organizations. The main purpose of this Special Issue is to put together scientists, scholars, and artists from different disciplines for a multidisciplinary interaction aiming to deeply understand inner problems, principles, phenomena, and illusions related and derived from perceptual organization. The main questions are: what do we really know about perceptual organization? What is perceptual organization within different perspectives? What are the main issues still unexplained? What is the meaning of inner principles? Which are the mistakes, illusions, and paradoxes derived from perceptual organization? What is vividness within the organization of our world? Is there one or many kinds of organizations for different living organisms? Does perceptual organization involve only external objects or even the perceiving subject? How does perceptual organization work in artificial systems such as neural networks? What do we learn from perceptual organization in neural networks? How is consciousness related to perceptual organization?</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><b class="">Manuscript Submission Information</b><br class=""><br class="">Manuscripts should be submitted online at <a href="http://www.mdpi.com" class="">www.mdpi.com</a> by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All papers will be peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.<br class=""><br class="">Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Brain Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.<br class=""><br class="">Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><b class="">Keywords<br class=""></b><br class=""><div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>• perceptual organization<br class=""></div><div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>• Artificial Intelligence<br class=""></div><div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>• illusions<br class=""></div><div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>• inner principles<br class=""></div><div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>• paradoxes<br class=""></div><div class=""><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>• consciousness<br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><b class="">Special Issue Editors<br class=""></b><br class="">Prof. Dr.<i class=""> Baingio Pinna </i> <br class="">Guest Editor<br class="">Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Italy<br class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Prof. Dr. <i class="">Amedeo D’Angiulli</i> <br class="">Guest Editor<br class="">Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada</div><br class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><div dir="auto" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); 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word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div dir="auto" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="font-family: Helvetica; margin: 0px;" class=""><i style="color: rgb(1, 25, 147); font-family: Futura; font-size: 18px;" class="">Baingio</i></div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; margin: 0px;" class=""><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="4"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3px;"><br class="khtml-block-placeholder"></span></font></div><div style="font-family: Helvetica;" class=""><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000"><br class="khtml-block-placeholder"></font></div><div style="font-family: Helvetica;" class=""><font class="Apple-style-span" size="1"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 9px;"><i class=""><b class=""><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#9C0000">BAINGIO PINNA</font></b></i></span></font></div><div class=""><font face="Helvetica" class=""><span style="font-size: 9px;" class="">Dept. of Biomedical Sciences</span></font></div><div style="font-family: Helvetica;" class=""><font class="Apple-style-span" size="1"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 9px;">University of Sassari, </span></font><span style="font-size: 9px;" class="">V.le San Pietro 46/b</span></div><div style="font-family: Helvetica;" class=""><span style="font-size: 9px;" class="">07100, Sassari, Italy</span></div><div style="font-family: Helvetica;" class=""><span style="font-size: 9px;" class=""><br class=""></span></div></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="font-family: Helvetica;" class=""><font class="Apple-style-span" size="1"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 9px;">e-mail 1: <a href="mailto:baingio@uniss.it" class="">baingio@uniss.it</a></span></font></div><div style="font-family: Helvetica;" class=""><div class=""><font class="Apple-style-span" size="1"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 9px;">e-mail 2: <a href="mailto:baingio.pinna@gmail.com" class="">baingio.pinna@gmail.com</a></span></span></font></div><div class=""><br class=""></div></div></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); 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